At first glance none of the above references really have much of a common relationship with the possible exception of being very annoying when occurring in the extreme. But they share one common component, -- they are essentially composed of Molecules -- and molecules especially molecules in motion can be detected and measured.

I have been using this type of detection equipment for some time now, and it has become an essential part of my marine surveys. When these annoying conditions are at work , Interestingly enough the sound problems are often not detectible by the human ear, at least not over the Din and racket of the engine room, where most of sound and vibration originate. Vibration is usually most often felt during sea trials, sometimes it can be seen at couplings and shafts , of felt thru the decks and bulkheads , but often it is a subtle type of "drumming " that easily gets lost in all of the background clutter of a sea trial , Most sound will emanate from an on-going or developing engine problem and unless the problem is rather advanced, it will usually be of a very low frequency, (not loud enough) to always be heard in the average decibel range conditions of a confined space like most engine rooms. Early warning - Engine or Auxiliary Gen Set noise , almost assuredly , will not make it all the way to the bridge. At least not before advanced damage will usually mandate major repair or replacements.

Down thru the years my equipment has caught many early developing problems, well before catastrophic failure. For the most part these conditions are usually not evident enough to flag on a survey report, -- probable result without the use of this equipment, would have been a sale of the vessel - and someone's inheritance of additional and unforeseen expense.

Leak detection can also be an infuriating chase up many blind alleys. Most of the time leaks will leave a visible trail - wet conditions / staining / mold etc.- but sometimes water can enter in one place, not visible or evident at first look, and exit into the interior far from the source. These leaks usually do the most damage, because nobody has been able to really find and completely arrest them. The result is that bulkheads usually have to be removed to find a simple leak that often turns out to have originated far from the eventual exit point inside the vessel. My equipment is designed to follow the trail of moving water molecules, its not always easy and in some cases there may be multiple sources , but the success rate is impressive , and I always have the equipment on hand at every survey, to use if required.

"I ALWAYS GO THE EXTRA MILE"